By Betsy Hill and Roger Stark The term cognitive learning is used to characterize specific aspects or theories of learning and generally implies a view of learning that: Relates to conscious understanding rather than behavioral knowledge (skills). These two different types of learning are also referred to as declarative knowledge and procedural knowledge. Declarative knowledge ...

By Betsy Hill and Roger Stark Editor’s Note: This is the final installment in a five-part series. The negative impact of COVID-19-related disruptions on student learning has fallen disproportionately on students living in economically disadvantaged communities, students with learning disabilities and students who are English Language Learners.  Those populations were already achieving academically at substantially ...